Overview
Occurs when the upper stomach protrudes through the diaphragmatic hiatus. Often associated with reflux.
Symptoms
• Heartburn
• Chest discomfort
• Difficulty swallowing
• Belching
• Reflux after meals
Causes
• Aging
• Persistent coughing
• Straining
• Obesity
• Injury
Diagnosis
• Endoscopy
• Barium swallow
• X-ray
Treatment
• GERD management
• Weight reduction
• Avoiding large meals
• Fundoplication surgery (severe cases)
Self-Management
Tracking food triggers and meal timing helps reduce symptoms.