Overview
GERD is chronic acid reflux that irritates the esophagus. It can lead to inflammation, ulcers, strictures, or Barrett’s esophagus.
Symptoms
• Heartburn
• Regurgitation
• Chest discomfort
• Hoarseness
• Nighttime cough
• Trouble swallowing
Triggers
• Spicy foods
• Citrus
• Coffee
• Chocolate
• Alcohol
• Carbonation
• Fatty meals
• Eating late
• Obesity
• Smoking
Diagnosis
• Endoscopy
• pH monitoring
• Esophageal manometry
Treatment
• PPIs, H2 blockers
• Weight management
• Avoiding trigger foods
• Elevating head of bed
• Surgery (fundoplication) for severe cases
Self-Management
Daily tracking of meals, timing, and symptoms helps customize reflux control.